Physicochemical Analysis of Porong River Water and Gonadal Maturity of Silver Barb (Barbonymus gonionotus) under Microplastic Exposure

Nezya Pramudya Wardani; Moh. Fadjrul Haqqi Muntaha; Nurma Sandra Nirwana; Maharani Hari Nur Pratiwi; Raka Gautama Maxelly

Authors

Nezya Pramudya Wardani Master's Program of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Moh. Fadjrul Haqqi Muntaha Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Nurma Sandra Nirwana Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Maharani Hari Nur Pratiwi Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
Raka Gautama Maxelly Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia

Keywords:

water quality, microplastics, gonadal maturity, barbonymus gonionotus, Porong River

Abstract

Microplastics are a form of contaminant found in waters, including coastal and river waters. Many rivers were under anthropogenic pressures that influence the water ecosystem. This study aimed to evaluate water quality, the microplastics abundance, and analyze their relationship to gonadal maturity of silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus). Methods included sample collection at three stations in the Porong River, Sidoarjo, East Java. The sample was observed for water quality, microplastics abundance, and the gonadosomatic index of Silver Barb (Barbonymus gonionotus). The analysis was a descriptive-analytical approach. Results indicate that the quality of the Porong River water was within standard thresholds. The samples are characterized by elevated organic matter (9.84–12.82 mg/L). Nutrient levels, including nitrate (1.09–1.23 mg/L), ammonia (0.05–0.10 mg/L), and orthophosphate (0.18–0.20 mg/L) indicate enrichment. Microplastics were detected at all stations with abundance from 7,467 to 11,200 particles/m³, and were dominated by fragments, fibers, films, and pellets. Descriptive analysis indicates that the water quality of the Porong River still supports fish reproduction, but microplastics have the potential to reduce future reproduction and silver barb populations, so a pollution management strategy is needed. Future management strategies are needed to control pollution and maintain the sustainability of fish populations in the Porong River.

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